HW Packet

a. Air pollution, Depletion of soil, Water deterioration, Climate changes, Destruction of Natural habitats, Emissions from vehicles, Destruction of the ecosystem, and Extinction of wildlife
Environmental Science- a branch of science that deals with the physical, chemical, and biological components of the environment and their effect on organisms. The field of environmental science is important because it helps us find ways and means to maintain the ecological balance of the world.

b.Humans have altered the environment, and continue to alter the environment by a rapidly growing population, cutting down forest, emitting pollutants, spilling oil, dumping garbage in oceans, and exponential growth of factories.

c.The concentration of the ozone, the number and diversity of organisms in a stream, greenhouse gas emissions, and the global temperature

d.Sustainability- the capacity to endure. It describes how biological systems remain diverse and productive over time. Sustainability can be measured by keeping track of one’s ecological footprint. That means being conscious of how much water, electricity and fuel we use daily.

e.The exponential growth of the human population in the past 100 years has resulted from a sharp drop in death rates.

f.If a poor family has a large number of children they will have more people to work for food and money.

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h.Hunters and gatherers are roles in hierarchal societies. These hunters and gatherers obtain almost all their food from animals and plants. Their impacts are most times negative because they deplete their camp area of its resources.

i.The agricultural revolution was the gradual transformation of the traditional agricultural system that began in Great Britain in the 18th century. New farming tools and methods helped increase harvest yields, but lead to excessive farming, that ultimately created land that could no longer be used for crops or any other plants.

j.Slash and burn cultivation is an agricultural technique which involves cutting and burning forest or woodlands to create fields. Shifting cultivation is an agricultural system in which plots of land are cultivated temporarily, and then abandoned. These agricultural techniques are sustainable because it forces succession, but is only acceptable where there is a very little animal and people population, and a lot of land.

k.The industrial revolution was the rapid development of industry in Britain in the late 18th and 19th centuries, which was brought about by the introduction of machines. The environmental drawbacks were air pollution, water pollution, and depletion of natural resources.

l.The scientific method is a research technique which consists of steps to develop an experiment, and find a conclusion. This method has been applied to various environmental issues to help diminish the effects of pollution, and overall create a more sustainable environment.

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n.Systems thinking is the process of understanding how things influence one another within a whole. In nature systems thinking examples include ecosystems in which various elements such as air, water, movement, plants, and animals work together.

o.Matter is anything that has mass or volume. An atom is the basic unit of matter. An Ion is a charged atom. A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond. An isotope is an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. A proton is a positive subatomic particle. An electron is a negative subatomic particle. A neutron is a subatomic particle without a charge. Three states of matter are liquids, solids, and gases.

p.A chemical formula is a representation of a substance using symbols for its constituent elements.
q.Inorganic compounds do not have a biological origin and lack carbon atoms. Organic compounds contain hydrogen and carbons atoms. Carbon dioxide and methane are organic compounds. Water and salt are examples of inorganic compounds.

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s.First law of thermodynamics-in a physical or chemical change, we can change or convert energy from one form to another and energy input equals energy output. But, the Second law of thermodynamics tells us that when energy changes from one form to another, some of the useful energy is always degraded to lower-quality, more dispersed, less useful energy. It cannot be recycled.

t.Energy is the ability to do work on another object. Kinetic energy is energy in motion while potential energy is stored energy. High quality energies are found in the sun, electricity, coal, gas, and uranium-235. Low quality energies are dispersed into the atmosphere or ocean and have little ability to do useful work

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w.N/A